Retirement tax landscape

Social Security is fully exempt. Pensions and retirement account withdrawals are fully taxable with no special exclusion.

Three of the four major retirement income types are taxable in California; only Social Security and qualified Roth distributions escape state tax.

State and federal taxes are independent
California calculates its own deductions and exemptions separately from the federal return. Income that falls below the federal standard deduction may still be taxable in California, and vice versa. Plan for both independently.

What's taxed and what's not

TAX-FREE
Social Security

Fully exempt from state income tax.

TAXABLE
Traditional 401(k) / IRA

Fully taxable as ordinary income.

TAXABLE
Pension income

Fully taxable as ordinary income.

TAX-FREE
Roth 401(k) / IRA

Qualified distributions are fully exempt at both the state and federal level.

Tax brackets

California runs ten progressive brackets, with rates from 1% to 13.3%. The schedule below switches by filing status; standard deduction is shown beneath each.

Filing status
Standard deduction$5,540
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $10,7561%
$10,756 – $25,4992%
$25,499 – $40,2454%
$40,245 – $55,8666%
$55,866 – $70,6068%
$70,606 – $360,6599.3%
$360,659 – $432,78710.3%
$432,787 – $721,31411.3%
$721,314 – $1,000,00012.3%
Above $1,000,00013.3%
Standard deduction$11,080
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $21,5121%
$21,512 – $50,9982%
$50,998 – $80,4904%
$80,490 – $111,7326%
$111,732 – $141,7328%
$141,732 – $721,3189.3%
$721,318 – $865,57410.3%
$865,574 – $1,000,00011.3%
$1,000,000 – $1,442,62812.3%
Above $1,442,62813.3%
Standard deduction$5,540
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $22,1731%
$22,173 – $52,5302%
$52,530 – $67,7164%
$67,716 – $83,8056%
$83,805 – $98,9908%
$98,990 – $505,2089.3%
$505,208 – $606,25110.3%
$606,251 – $1,000,00011.3%
$1,000,000 – $1,010,41712.3%
Above $1,010,41713.3%

The top 13.3% bracket includes California's 1% Mental Health Services Tax surtax that applies to taxable income above $1,000,000. Below that threshold, the headline top rate is 12.3%.

Strategies to reduce your tax burden

Three levers move the needle in California: when you convert, in what order you draw, and when you claim Social Security.

Roth conversions before retirement. Converting traditional IRA balances to Roth during lower-income years means paying California tax now at lower rates, then taking tax-free Roth withdrawals later. See the full guide to Roth conversions.

Withdrawal sequencing. The order you draw from different accounts each year matters. Drawing from taxable brokerage accounts before tapping tax-deferred accounts can keep your California ordinary income lower. Read more in which accounts to withdraw from first.

Social Security timing. Optimizing when you claim Social Security affects both your federal and state tax picture. See when to claim Social Security.

Modeling your retirement taxes

The interaction between California's tax rules and federal taxes is too complex to estimate by hand. A year-by-year projection shows your actual tax burden for every year of retirement.

Drawdown Arc's projection engine includes California's full bracket structure, standard deduction, and retirement income exemptions. Set your state to California and enter your account balances, pension, and Social Security timing. The projection shows your California state tax alongside federal tax for every year.

State tax modeling is a Pro feature. The free calculator shows your full federal tax projection; upgrade to Pro to add California (or any of the 50 states + DC) to your model.

Launch Calculator →
Free · No signup · Runs in browser

State taxes PRO

See your retirement,
modeled

Year-by-year projections with real tax math. Free, private, no signup required.