Retirement tax landscape

Social Security is exempt if income is below $100,000 (single) / $150,000 (married). Pensions get a $8,000/$16,000 exclusion for those 65+. Retirement account withdrawals get a $8,000/$16,000 exclusion 65+.

Understanding how New Mexico treats each type of retirement income is essential for planning your withdrawals, conversions, and Social Security timing. The interaction between state and federal taxes determines your true after-tax income each year.

State and federal taxes are independent
New Mexico calculates its own deductions and exemptions separately from the federal return. Income that falls below the federal standard deduction may still be taxable in New Mexico, and vice versa. Plan for both independently.

What's taxed and what's not

PARTIAL
Social Security

Exempt below certain income thresholds. May become taxable above the threshold.

PARTIAL
Traditional 401(k) / IRA

Partially exempt with deductions or exclusions.

PARTIAL
Pension income

Partially exempt or exempt with age requirements.

TAX-FREE
Roth 401(k) / IRA

Qualified distributions are fully exempt at both the state and federal level.

Tax brackets

New Mexico runs seven progressive brackets, with rates from 1.5% to 5.9%. The schedule below switches by filing status; standard deduction is shown beneath each.

Filing status
Standard deduction$15,000
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $5,5001.5%
$5,500 – $11,0003.2%
$11,000 – $16,5004.3%
$16,500 – $33,5004.3%
$33,500 – $105,0004.7%
$105,000 – $210,0004.9%
Above $210,0005.9%
Standard deduction$30,000
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $8,0001.5%
$8,000 – $16,0003.2%
$16,000 – $25,0004.3%
$25,000 – $50,0004.3%
$50,000 – $155,0004.7%
$155,000 – $315,0004.9%
Above $315,0005.9%
Standard deduction$15,000 Head of household uses Single brackets in New Mexico.
Taxable incomeRate
Up to $5,5001.5%
$5,500 – $11,0003.2%
$11,000 – $16,5004.3%
$16,500 – $33,5004.3%
$33,500 – $105,0004.7%
$105,000 – $210,0004.9%
Above $210,0005.9%

Strategies to reduce your tax burden

Managing total income to stay below the $100,000/$150,000 SS exemption threshold is critical. The $8,000/$16,000 retirement exclusion for 65+ provides meaningful relief. Roth conversions before 65 avoid state tax entirely. The generous standard deduction ($15,000/$30,000) shelters significant income. Federal tax planning (withdrawal sequencing and SS timing) drives the primary savings opportunity.

Roth conversions before retirement. Converting traditional IRA balances to Roth during lower-income years means paying New Mexico tax now at lower rates, then taking tax-free Roth withdrawals later. See the full Roth conversion deep dive.

Withdrawal sequencing. The order you draw from different accounts each year matters. Drawing from taxable brokerage accounts before tapping tax-deferred accounts can keep your New Mexico ordinary income lower. Read more in how to sequence retirement withdrawals.

Social Security timing. Optimizing when you claim Social Security affects both your federal and state tax picture. See our Social Security timing guide.

Modeling your retirement taxes

The interaction between New Mexico's tax rules and federal taxes is too complex to estimate by hand. A year-by-year projection shows your actual tax burden for every year of retirement.

Drawdown Arc's projection engine includes New Mexico's full bracket structure, standard deduction, and retirement income exemptions. Set your state to New Mexico and enter your account balances, pension, and Social Security timing: the projection shows your New Mexico state tax alongside federal tax for every year.

State tax modeling is a Pro feature. The free calculator shows your full federal tax projection: upgrade to Pro to add New Mexico (or any of the 50 states + DC) to your model.

Launch Calculator →
Free · No signup · Runs in browser

State taxes PRO

See your retirement,
modeled

Year-by-year projections with real tax math. Free, private, no signup required.